PATTERN II
Kalimat-kalimat
pattern dua disebut juga verbal sentence. Oleh karena sebutannya juga kata
kerja (sama dengan kalimat-kalimat pattern satu). Pokok-pokok kalimat pattern
dua ini terdiri dari orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular).
Sedangkan kata kerjanya harus mendapat tambahan S/ES, bila kalimatnya berbentuk
positive. Cara penambahan S/ES tersebut sama dengan cara membentuk plular nouns
(benda jamak).
Pokok-pokok kalimat pattern dua adalah:
He = dia (laki-laki)
She = dia (perempuan)
It = dia/ini/itu (benda tunggal)
Singular = benda tunggal (the train, Lira,
Dedi, etc.)
RUMUS KALIMAT PATTERN II
|
Subject
|
Predicate
|
Object / Complement
|
|
He
She
It
Singular
|
Semua kata kerja asli
(infinitive) yang diberi akhiran S/ES
|
|
Perhatikanlah contoh
kalimat-kalimat pattern dua berikut ini!
1. Dia menulis surat untuk
kakeknya.
He writes
a letter to his grandfather.
S + P + O
+ C
2. Dia menyambut para tamu di
pintu gerbang.
He welcomes
guests at the gate.
S + P +
O + C
3. Itu membuat saya gembira.
It makes
me happy.
S + P + O + C
4. Prof. Miller memberi nasihat
untuk pekerja-pekerja.
Prof. Miller gives
advice for employers.
S + P
+ O + C
5. Bibi saya menonton TV
setiap malam.
My aunt watches
TV every night.
S + P
+ O + C
Sekarang
cobalah buat kalimat-kalimat pattern dua dengan kata-kata yang ada di bawah
ini!
A. Infinitive
1. wash =
mencuci
2. prepare =
mempersiapkan
3. boil =
merebus, mendidih
4. watch =
mengamati
5. freez =
membeku
6. explain =
menjelaskan
7. monitor =
memantau
8. mend =
menambal
9. sail =
berlayar
10. dive =
menyelam
B. Object
1. water =
air
2. the new list =
daftar baru
3. flowers =
bunga
4. situation =
situasi
5. my old shoes =
sepatu usang saya
6. meals =
hidangan
7. clothes =
pakaian
8. history book =
buku sejarah
9. Pancasila Morality
Education = Pendidikan Moral Pancasila
10. The secret =
rahasia tersebut
C. Complement
1. in the bathroom = di
kamar mandi
2. near our tent =
dekat kemah kita
3. in you class =
dalam kelas kamu
4. on the ocean =
di samudera
5. in Bungus Beach = di
Pantai Bungus
6. in the market =
di pasar
7. in regions =
di daerah-daerah
8. every Sunday =
setiap Minggu
9. in refregerator =
di kulkas
10. in the livingroom =
di ruang tamu
NEGATIVE FORM
Bentuk
menyangkal atau menidakkan dari pattern dua harus dengan meletakkan DOES NOT
/DOESN’T setelah subject.
RUMUS
|
Subject + does not / doesn’t +
Predicate + (Object/complement)
|
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini!
1. Dia tidak mematuhi peraturan.
He does not obey
the regulation.
2. Dia tidak menyelesaikan
tugasnya.
She does not
finish her task.
3. Itu tidak kelihatan menarik.
It does not look
interesting.
4. Indonesia tidak menyukai
perang.
Indonesia doesn’t
like war.
5. Sekolah kita tidak mengadakan
pesta perpisahan.
Our school doesn’t
hold a farewel party.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Bentuk
bertanya pattern dua hanya dengan meletakkan DOES sebelum subject.
RUMUS
|
Does + Subject + Predicate +
(Object/complement) ?
|
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini!
1. Apakah ayahmu mengirim uang
untukmu setiap bulan?
Does your father
send some money for you every month?
2. Apakah pesawat ini
mengangkut barang-barang?
Does this plane carry goods?
3. Apakah keponakannya meneruskan
sekolahnya?
Does his niece
continue her study?
4. Apakah sepupumu mengikuti
ide-idemu?
Does your cousin
follow your ideas?
5. Apakah ibu tirinya selalu marah
kepadanya?
Does her step
mother always get angry with her?
NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE FORM
Bentuk bertanya menidakkan pattern dua hanya
dengan meletakkan DOES di depan subject dan NOT setelah subject. Atau hanya
dengan meletakkan DOESN’T saja di deapan subject.
RUMUS
|
a. DOES + Subject + NOT +
Predicate + (Object/complement)?
b. DOESN’T + Subject +
Predicate + (Object/complement)?
|
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini!
1. Tidakkah Budi
mengerjakan pekerjaan rumahnya -?
Does Budi Not do his homework
-?
2. Tidakkah dokter itu
menguji tekanan darahmu -?
Does the doctor not examine
your blood pressure -?
3. Tidakkah dia menggosok
giginya setiap pagi -?
Doesn’t he brush his teeth
every morning -?
4. Tidakkah guru kita memberi kita
tugas -?
Doesn’t our teacher give
us assignments -?
5. Tidakkah toko buku anggrek
menjual novel -?
Doesn’t Anggrek book
store sell novel -?
1.
Kata mempunyai
dalam kalimat positive pattern dua adalah HAS. Akan tetapi, dalam kalimat
negative dan interrogative dikembalikan ke bentuk asalnya, yaitu HAVE.
Contoh:
She has much money. (+)
She does not have much
money. (-)
Does she have much money
(?)
2. Cara menjawab kalimat bertanya
positive atau negative interrogative sama saja. (telah diterangkan dalam
pattern satu).
Contoh:
Does he work for
the company +?
Doesn’t he work for
the company -?
Jawab:
a.
Yes, he
does. (bila ya)
b.
No, he
doesn’t. (bila tidak)
QUESTION WORDS
A. 1. who =
siapakah
2. what =
apakah
3. what + benda tunggal
- what vehicle = kendaraan
apakah
- what ship = kapal
apakah
- what animal = binatang
apakah
- what book =
buku apakah
- what test = ujian
apakah
4. which = yang
manakah
which + benda tunggal
- which girl = gadis
yang manakah
- which student = siswa yang
manakah
- which child = anak yang
manakah
- which man = lelaki
yang manakah
- which gambler = penjudi yang
manakah
5. whose =
kepunyaan siapakah
whose + benda tunggal
- whose goat = kambing
siapakah
- whose daughter = putri
siapakah
- whose son = putra siapakah
- whose aunt = bibi
siapakah
- whose uncle = paman
siapakah
Semua kata tanya di atas bisa
langsung berfungsi sebagai subjek kalimat pattern dua, dan sekaligus menanyakan
tentang subject itu sendiri.
RUMUS
|
a. Positive : Q.W. +
verb-S/ES + (Object / complement)
b. Negative: Q.W. + Doesn’t
+ Verb- + (Object/complement)
|
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini!
1. Siapakah mengajarmu bahasa
Inggris?
Who teaches you
English?
2. Apakah yang membuatnya sedih?
What makes
him sad?
3. Binatang apakah yang
memakan rumput?
What
animal eats grass?
4. Yang manakah yang tidak
mendengarkanmu?
Which
doesn’t listen to you?
5. Anak yang manakah yang
tidak mandi pagi?
Whose
child doesn’t take a bath in the morning?
6. Kepunyaan siapakah yang
punya merek?
Whose
has a mark?
7. Bibi siapakah yang
menari di dapur?
Whose aunt dances
in the kitchen?
Note:
Di
samping kata-kata tanya tersebut di atas dapat berfungsi sebagai subject
kalimat pattern dua, mereka dapat pula dipakai untuk menanyakan object. Bila
dipakai untuk menanyakan object, maka kalimat pattern dua harus berbentuk
bertanya terlebih dahulu. Baik bertanya positive ataupun negative.
RUMUS
|
a. Q.W. + does + Predicate +
(Object / complement)
b. Q.W. + Doesn’t + Subject +
Predicate + (Object/complement)
|
Perhatikanlah contoh-contoh
berikut ini!
1. Siapakah yang dia panggil?
Who does he call?
2. Apakah yang Liza cary?
What does Liza look
for?
3. Buku apakah yang Sidin baca?
What book does Sidin
read?
4. Yang manakah yang ibumu pilih?
Which does
your mother choose?
5. Pelajar yang manakah yang
polisi tahan?
Which student
does the policeman arrest?
6. Kepunyaan siapakah yang tidak
dia curi?
Whose
doesn’t he steal?
7. Ikat pinggang siapakah yang dia
pinjam?
Whose belt
does he borrow?
B. 1. where =
dimanakah / kemanakah
2. when =
kapankah / bilakah
3. why = mengapakah
/ kenapakah
4. how =
bagaimanakah/ dengan apakah
Kata-kata tanya ini bila
dipakai dalam kalimat pattern dua, kalimatnya terlebih dahulu harus berbentuk
bertanya. Baik bertanya positive atau negative.
Perhatikan contoh-contoh
berikut ini!
1. Dimanakah orang itu mendapat
informasi?
Where does that man
get information?
2. Kapankah negara kita
memproduksi pesawat ulang-alik?
When does our country
produce space-shuttle?
3. Kenapakah ahli penyakit dalam
itu tidak memeriksa air kencing saya?
Why does the internist
examine my urine?
4. Dengan apakah wanita tua itu
mendaki bukit?
How does the old woman
climb the hill?
Sekarang hafal dan praktikkanlah DIALOGUE
di bawah ini. Semua
kalimat yang terdapat di dalamnya di buat menurut pattern dua.
A. Does your mother work outside?
B. Yes, she does.
A. What job does she have?
B. She teaches at secondary
school.
A. I see. Does your father allow
her for the job?
B. Yes, he does. Even more he
often helps her in this case.
A. Who helps her for house work?
B. My younger sister Elly.
A. Doesn’t Elly go to school?
B. Yes, she does.
A. If so, when does she help your
brother?
B. In the morning. You know? She
studies at her school during the noon.
A. By the way, where does your
father work?
B. He works for a private company.
A. Hmm. Does he leave your house
at the same time as your mother does?
B. Yes, he does. Because he takes
my mother to the secondary school first.
A. Actually I still have some more
questions. But net time I continue. Okey?
B. Sure.
READING
Our
teacher Mr. Menuhin always looks smart. He combs his hair tidily. He has a good
moustache. He wears white shirt and black trouser. He also puts on a necktie, a
belt and luxurious shoes.
He
teaches us geography. He explains the subject well. He usually draws a map for
a description. He always gives us questions. He doesn’t allow us in our errors.
He corrects them, and he answers all of our questions satisfactorily.
Every
student loves him. He has a good manner. He often gives us some advices and
suggestions. He doesn’t like gossips. He doesn’t discriminate us. He loves all
of his students too.
VOCABULARY
1. smart =
rapi
2. comb =
sisir, menyisir
3. tidily =
dengan rapi sekali
4. moustache =
kumis
5. neck tie =
dasi
6. geography =
ilmu bumi
7. map =
peta
8. description =
penjabaran terperinci
9. error =
kesalahan
10. manner =
sikap
11. gossip =
gunjingan
12. discriminate =
membeda-bedakan
QUESTIONS
1. How does our teacher always
look?
2. How does he com his hair?
3. Does he wear white shirt?
4. Does he wear white trouser?
5. Doesn’t he put on a nect tie?
6. What subject does he teach you?
7. How does he explain the
subject?
8. What does he draw for a
description?
9. What does he usually give you?
10. Doesn’t he allow you in your errors?
11. What does he do for your errors?
12. How does he answer your questions?
13. Does every student love him>
14. Why?
15. Does he love you too?
EXERCISES
A. Rubahlah tiap kalimat
berikut ini menurut tanda yang diberikan di belakang ruangan yang tersedia!
- Mr. Nurdin teaches us geography.
_________________________________________________________(-)
- He doesn’t draw a map for a description.
_________________________________________________________(?)
- Does he give you some questions?
_________________________________________________________(+)
- How does he answer your questions?
_________________________________________________________(-?)
- Does he love his students?
_________________________________________________________(+)
- He doesn’t have a good manner.
_________________________________________________________(?)
- He often gives us advices and suggestions.
_________________________________________________________(-?)
- Why does he like gossips?
_________________________________________________________(-)
- Doesn’t he discriminate you?
_________________________________________________________(-)
- He doesn’t love his students.
_________________________________________________________(+)
B. Terjemahkanlah kalimat-kalimat
berikut ini dari Inggeris ke Indonesia dan dari Indonesia ke Inggeris!
- Mr. Kent sacrifies his time for humanity.
- Tuan Badu membagi pendapatannya untuk anak-anaknya.
- why doesn’t she memorize her lessons?
- Riko tidak menyelesaikan tugasnya dengan baik.
- The film attracts many movie-goers every night.
- Siapakah yang mengajarmu bahasa Inggris?
- Nusantara Aircraft Industry produces several planes.
- Rini menyadari kekeliruannya.
- Our mayor picks up rubbish when he meets it.
Indonesia
terletak di antara dua benua, Asia dan Australia
